Central Japan on high alert after magnitude 6.4 earthquake rattles Noto Peninsula

Central Japan was rocked by a magnitude 6.4 earthquake on Tuesday night, striking off the Noto Peninsula’s western coast at a depth of 10 kilometres. While the tremor caused significant alarm in a region still recovering from a deadly January quake, authorities confirmed no tsunami risk and no immediate casualties or structural damage. The Shika Nuclear Power Plant, a critical facility in the area, reported no radiation leaks or operational abnormalities, though its idle reactors sustained minor damage, rekindling debates about seismic risks and nuclear safety in Japan.

The earthquake follows a series of tremors that have plagued the Noto Peninsula throughout 2024, a year already marked by heightened seismic activity. On January 1, the region experienced a catastrophic magnitude 7.6 earthquake, resulting in more than 370 fatalities and widespread destruction of roads, buildings, and essential infrastructure. Although Tuesday’s event caused less damage, the psychological toll on local residents remains substantial.

A region on edge: the impact of recurring quakes

The cumulative effect of these earthquakes has left communities grappling with fear and uncertainty. Disaster response measures, including evacuation protocols and infrastructure resilience, have come under scrutiny. Experts have underscored the necessity of strengthening emergency shelters to accommodate aging populations, a demographic particularly vulnerable during natural disasters. Government task forces have recommended upgrades such as sturdy cardboard beds, expanded cooking facilities, and sufficient toilets in evacuation centres to prevent disaster-related casualties.

The Shika Nuclear Power Plant, located on the northern tip of the peninsula, has been a focal point of concern. Although it remains offline, the facility has faced criticism over its preparedness for seismic events. Anti-nuclear groups argue that any damage, no matter how minor, underscores the inherent risks of operating nuclear facilities in a geologically active region.

Expert opinions highlight preparedness and resilience

Geologists have described the Noto Peninsula’s seismic pattern as part of Japan’s ongoing tectonic activity, driven by the interaction of the Pacific and Eurasian plates. While Tuesday’s earthquake was moderate, they cautioned that aftershocks or stronger tremors could follow, urging authorities and residents to remain vigilant. Disaster preparedness expert Haruki Tanaka emphasised the importance of integrating modern technologies, such as AI-based early warning systems, into Japan’s robust disaster response framework to minimise future risks.

Looking ahead: mitigating disaster risks in Japan

As one of the world’s most earthquake-prone nations, Japan has long prioritised disaster readiness. Yet, the recent seismic events in the Noto Peninsula highlight vulnerabilities in both rural and urban areas. The government’s focus on infrastructure upgrades and community education has been welcomed by experts, though challenges persist in balancing economic and safety concerns, particularly around nuclear energy.

Tuesday’s earthquake serves as a stark reminder of the unpredictable nature of seismic activity and the importance of proactive measures. Residents and local authorities are urged to stay informed, ensure emergency kits are stocked, and follow official guidelines during potential aftershocks.